RT Book, Section
A1 Kircher, Matthew
A1 Leonetti, John
A1 Marzo, Sam
A2 Salardini, Arash
A2 Biller, José
SR Print(0)
ID 1127046014
T1 Dizziness and Vertigo
T2 The Hospital Neurology Book
YR 2016
FD 2016
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071845830
LK neurology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1127046014
RD 2024/04/20
AB The  approach  to  the  patient  with  dizziness  and/or  vertigo  requires  a  careful  history.  Vertigo,  which  is  the  illusion  of  movement,  is  highly  suggestive  of  a  peripheral  vestibular  disorder.  After  a  thorough  history,  the  physician  should  be  able  to  narrow  the  suspected  condition  to  a  peripheral  vestibular  disorder,  central  vestibular  disorder,  or  nonvestibular  cause.  Common  peripheral  vestibular  diseases  include  benign  positional  paroxysmal  vertigo,  vestibular  neuronitis,  labyrinthitis,  superior  canal  dehiscence  and  Ménière’s  disease.  Common  central  vestibular  disorders  include  vestibular  migraine,  and  posterior  circulation  (vertebrobasilar)  ischemia.  Nonvestibular  dizziness  could  be  due  to  medications,  cardiac  diseases,  or  psychogenic  causes.  The  physical  examination  should  include  otoscopy  and  cranial  nerve  testing  as  well  as  selected  cerebellar  testing.  Audiometry  and  videonystagmography  are  important  tests,  while  MRI  and  CT  may  also  provide  helpful  information.  Common  medications  used  to  treat  vertigo  include  antihistamines  and  benzodiazepines.  Vestibular  rehabilitation  therapy  can  be  useful  in  many  peripheral  and  central  vestibular  disorders.