TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Spinal Injections (Including Epidural Steroids and Medial Branch Blocks) A1 - Keene, Douglas A2 - Bajwa, Zahid H. A2 - Wootton, R. Joshua A2 - Warfield, Carol A. PY - 2016 T2 - Principles and Practice of Pain Medicine, 3e AB - Spinal injections have been performed for many years, most often for the management of axial, paraspinal, and radicular pain. They have evolved over the years with increasing popularity, with the number of epidural steroid injection procedures doubling from 2000 to 2008,1 and have become essential therapies for the pain management clinician. Spinal injections can be used therapeutically, for treatment, or diagnostically, for the localization and identification of potential painful targets. As a result of their increasing use in pain management and their economic impact, they have been studied extensively, and their efficacies have been challenged. Despite controversy and contradicting results of numerous outcome studies, spinal interventional therapies will likely continue to play a significant role in interdisciplinary pain care. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/11 UR - neurology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1131937516 ER -