TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - The Cerebellum and Approach to Ataxia A1 - Berkowitz, Aaron L. PY - 2016 T2 - Clinical Neurology and Neuroanatomy: A Localization-Based Approach AB - The output of the motor cortex (and the adjacent premotor and supplementary cortices) is shaped by input from the basal ganglia and cerebellum. The basal ganglia and cerebellum participate in corticocortical loops that begin and end in motor regions. The basal ganglia are involved in the initiation and patterning of movements (see Ch. 7), and the cerebellum is involved in the coordination of movements. Both structures are also involved in cognition and eye movements. Lesions of the cerebellum can lead to incoordination of movements (ataxia), imprecision of movements (dysmetria), difficulty with rapid alternating movements (dysdiadochokinesia), truncal and gait instability, and difficulty with articulation of speech (dysarthria). Due to cerebellar involvement in oculomotor and vestibular function, cerebellar lesions can also cause nystagmus, vertigo, nausea, and vomiting. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/15 UR - neurology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1160203738 ER -