TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - BIOLOGY OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS A1 - Messing, Robert O. A1 - Nestler, Eric J. A2 - Hauser, Stephen L. A2 - Josephson, S. Andrew PY - 2018 T2 - Harrison's Neurology in Clinical Medicine, 4e AB - Psychiatric disorders are central nervous system diseases characterized by disturbances in emotion, cognition, motivation, and socialization. They are highly heritable, with genetic risk comprising 20–90% of disease vulnerability. As a result of their prevalence, early onset, and persistence, they contribute substantially to the burden of illness worldwide. All psychiatric disorders are broad heterogeneous syndromes that currently lack well-defined neuropathology and bona fide biologic markers. Therefore, diagnoses continue to be made solely from clinical observations using criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) of the American Psychiatric Association, which is in its fifth edition as of 2013. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/04/20 UR - neurology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1147191635 ER -