TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Viral Infections of the Nervous System and Prion Diseases
A1  - Ropper, Allan H.
A1  - Samuels, Martin A.
A1  - Klein, Joshua P.
A1  - Prasad, Sashank
Y1  - 2023
N1  - 
T2  - Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology, 12e
AB  - A  number  of  viruses  share  a  predilection  to  primarily  affect  the  human  nervous  system.  The  clinical  presentations  of  these  infections  vary  greatly,  and  while  there  is  considerable  overlap  in  the  manifestations,  there  are  also  important  features  that  help  designate  which  infection  is  most  likely  in  a  particular  scenario,  often  guiding  appropriate  diagnostic  evaluation  and  treatment  decisions.  The  systemic  effects  of  the  viral  infection  can  vary;  in  some  cases,  the  systemic  features  may  be  negligible,  and  it  is  the  neurologic  disorder  that  brings  them  to  medical  attention.  Included  in  this  group  are  the  group  of  human  herpes  viruses  including  herpes  simplex  viruses  (HSV-1  and  HSV-2),  herpes  zoster  or  varicella-zoster  virus  (VZV),  Epstein-Barr  virus  (EBV),  cytomegalovirus  (CMV),  poliovirus,  rabies,  and  several  seasonal  arthropod-borne  viruses  (Flaviviruses).  Some  of  these  exhibit  an  affinity  for  certain  types  of  neurons:  for  example,  poliomyelitis  viruses  and  motor  neurons,  VZV  and  peripheral  sensory  neurons,  and  rabies  virus  and  brainstem  neurons.  Yet  others  attack  nonneuronal  supporting  glial  cells;  John  Cunningham  (JC)  virus  causing  progressive  multifocal  leukoencephalopathy  (PML)  is  the  prime  example.  For  many  of  the  rest,  the  affinity  is  less  selective  in  that  all  elements  of  the  nervous  system  are  involved.  Herpes  simplex,  for  example,  may  devastate  the  medial  parts  of  the  temporal  lobes,  destroying  neurons,  glia  cells,  myelinated  nerve  fibers,  and  blood  vessels;  and  HIV  may  induce  multiple  foci  of  tissue  necrosis  throughout  the  cerebrum.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/10/14
UR  - neurology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1199446220
ER  -