TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome A1 - Dahdel, Maher A1 - Dellinger, R. Phillip A2 - Lee, Kiwon Y1 - 2012 N1 - T2 - The NeuroICU Book AB - A 63-year-old man with no past medical history presented with a 3-day history of productive cough, hemoptysis, fever, and shortness of breath. In the emergency department (ED) the patient was mildly hypotensive and in severe respiratory distress, which required immediate intubation and initiation of mechanical ventilation. His laboratory workup revealed leukocytosis, mild renal insufficiency, and elevated serum lactate. His chest radiograph revealed dense consolidation in the right lower lung field with bilateral patchy infiltrates. The patient continued to be profoundly hypoxemic despite incremental increases in the mechanical ventilation support.This is unfortunately a common clinical scenario for severe community-acquired pneumonia with associated sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. In this chapter we will:Review the definitions, etiologies, and clinical aspects of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Describe ventilator-induced lung injury and how it can be minimized.Review the role of steroid therapy and fluid management in ARDS.Review rescue strategies that may be considered in selected patients with ARDS.Describe outcome of ARDS survivors.Review neurogenic pulmonary edema.Review the effect of positive ventilation on cerebral perfusion. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/10 UR - neurology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1101645142 ER -