RT Book, Section A1 Yang, Aaron J. A1 Stanos, Steven A2 Bajwa, Zahid H. A2 Wootton, R. Joshua A2 Warfield, Carol A. SR Print(0) ID 1131939396 T1 Physical Modalities, Orthoses, and Assistive Devices T2 Principles and Practice of Pain Medicine, 3e YR 2016 FD 2016 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071766838 LK neurology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1131939396 RD 2024/04/19 AB Modalities are commonly used to produce a response in tissues and include heat, water, cold, sound, and electricity. These modalities should not be used as the primary mode of treatment but rather used in adjunct with the main intervention such as physical or occupational therapy. This chapter will discuss the more common modalities used as well as briefly discussing electrical stimulation. Box 97-1 describes factors to consider prior to selection of a specific therapeutic modality.