RT Book, Section
A1 Grande, Krista
A1 Venkatesan, Charu
A2 Hershey, Andrew D.
SR Print(0)
ID 1195237586
T1 Neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
T2 CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment Pediatric Neurology
YR 2023
FD 2023
PB McGraw Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781260457520
LK neurology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1195237586
RD 2024/04/24
AB ESSENTIALS  OF  DIAGNOSIS  AND  TYPICAL  FEATURESNeonatal  encephalopathy  is  a  clinical  condition  in  the  first  days  after  birth  manifested  by  alterations  in  consciousness,  hypotonia,  seizures,  abnormal  reflexes,  and  apnea.Hypoxic-ischemic  injury  in  the  peripartum  period  is  the  most  common  cause  of  neonatal  encephalopathy  and  is  referred  to  as  hypoxic-ischemic  encephalopathy  (HIE).The  diagnosis  of  neonatal  HIE  is  based  on  multiple  clinical  and  laboratory  criteria,  including  Apgar  scores,  clinical  appearance  of  the  neonate,  acidosis,  multiorgan  injury,  and  characteristic  patterns  of  brain  injury  on  magnetic  resonance  imaging  (MRI).Moderate  to  severe  neonatal  HIE  carries  a  high  risk  of  death  and  disability.Therapeutic  hypothermia  is  the  standard  of  care  for  neonatal  HIE  in  term  infants  and  has  been  shown  in  multiple  large  trials  to  reduce  risk  of  death  and  disability  at  18  months  and  beyond.HIE  is  more  common  in  preterm  than  in  term  infants,  but  there  is  no  treatment  with  enough  evidence  to  recommend  as  standard  of  care  for  preterm  infants  with  HIE.