RT Book, Section A1 Zhang, Kevin X. A1 Shah, Veeral S. A2 Hershey, Andrew D. SR Print(0) ID 1195238073 T1 Approach to Anisocoria in Children T2 CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment Pediatric Neurology YR 2023 FD 2023 PB McGraw Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781260457520 LK neurology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1195238073 RD 2024/11/02 AB Anisocoria in a young child is a frequent cause of concern among parents and is a common reason for referral to pediatric neurology/ophthalmology clinics. Many of these patients are eventually diagnosed with physiologic anisocoria, requiring no further evaluation. However, the differential diagnosis of anisocoria in a child contains more life-threatening conditions that should not be missed. These can include an acquired Horner syndrome secondary to a neuroblastoma of the paravertebral sympathetic chain or a third nerve palsy from a compressive intracranial process. Often, patients are referred to both a neurologist and a neuro-ophthalmologist to undergo an appropriate investigation for potential underlying problems that require further attention. The focus of this chapter is to guide the general pediatrician and pediatric neurologist through the clinical approach to a child presenting with anisocoria and to help inform decision making.