RT Book, Section A1 Horn, Stacy A1 Goetz, Christopher G. A2 Watts, Ray L. A2 Standaert, David G. A2 Obeso, Jose A. SR Print(0) ID 55801320 T1 Chapter 35. Tardive Dyskinesia T2 Movement Disorders, 3e YR 2012 FD 2012 PB The McGraw-Hill Companies PP New York, NY SN 978-0-07-161312-5 LK neurology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=55801320 RD 2024/10/03 AB The term “tardive dyskinesia” (TD) applies only to abnormal involuntary movements resulting from chronic treatment with agents that block central dopamine receptors. In most instances, these drugs are antipsychotic neuroleptic agents. Nonetheless, other dopaminergic receptor blockers such as metoclopramide are associated with the same disorder.1 Schoenecker associated oral–facial dyskinesia with chlorpromazine treatment in 1957, yet three decades later a cause-and-effect relationship between neuroleptic therapy and involuntary movements was still questioned.2,3 The controversy persisted in part because neuroleptics are most commonly used to treat psychosis and agitated senile depression; mannerisms resembling the movements of TD can occur spontaneously in some persons with psychosis and in normal elderly patients.4